Oxytocin, Vasopressin and Social Bonding: Implications for Novel Therapies for Autism

171 Table 1 Outcome data Outcome NIPPV nCPAP Adjusted OR (95%CI) p Primary analysis: death or ORT-BPD n (%) 192/497 (38.6) 179/487 (36.8) 1.09 (0.83, 1.44) 0.53 Supporting analysis: death or imputed BPD 198/504 (39.3) 191/501 (38.1) 1.05 (0.80, 1.38) 0.72 Primary outcome by subgroup No intubation/Early extubation n (%) 72/241 (29.9) 72/252 (28.6) 1.1 (0.72, 1.69) 0.64 Prior intubation 120/256 (46.9) 107/235 (45.5) 1.1 (0.73, 1,54) 0.76 Conclusions In infants < 1000g NIPPV does not confer further benefit nor risk for survival free of BPD at 36 weeks’ GA compared to nCPAP. THE PROPREMS RANDOMISED TRIAL INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF PROBIOTICS ON LATE ONSET SEPSIS IN VERY PRETERM INFANTS doi:10.1136/archdischild-2012-302724.0172 1,2,3SE Jacobs, 3JM Tobin, 4G Opie, 2S Donath, 3M Pirotta, 5SN Tabrizi, 1CJ Morley, 3,5,6SM Garland, for the ProPrems Study Group. 1Neonatal Services, Royal Women’s Hospital; 2Murdoch Children’s Research Institute; 3University of Melbourne; 4Department of Paediatrics, Mercy Hospital for Women; 5Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Royal Women’s Hospital; 6Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia Background Late onset sepsis (LOS) frequently complicates prematurity, and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Whilst probiotic supplementation in preterm infants reduces mortality and necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), the effect on LOS in the most vulnerable preterms is unknown. Aim To determine the effects of probiotic supplementation in very preterm infants. Methods A multi-centred, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomised controlled trial in very preterm infants born < 32 weeks’ gestation weighing < 1500g, supplemented daily with either a probiotic combination (Bifidobacterium infantis, Streptococcus thermophiles and Bifidobacterium lactis 1 x 109 total organisms) or placebo (multodextrin) from soon after commencement of enteral feeds until discharge home or term corrected age. The primary outcome was the incidence of at least one episode of definite (deep culture positive) late onset sepsis; secondary outcomes included NEC, mortality, duration of primary hospitalisation, number of courses and duration of antibiotics, etc. [Garland et al. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2011 Aug 4; 11(1):210]. Results Between October 2007 and November 2011, 1099 very preterm infants were randomised from 10 participating perinatal centres in Australia and New Zealand. Four interim analyses at 100, 200, 350 and 700 recruits confirmed comparable baseline characteristics between groups (for birth weight, gestation, gender, multiple pregnancy, antenatal steroids, caesarean delivery) and recommended trial continuation. Data cleaning is nearing completion prior to unblinding treatment allocation groups and analysis. Conclusions The ProPrems trial has recruited 1099 very preterm infants; it is the largest randomised trial to date investigating the potential for probiotics to reduce the burden of prematurity. CLUES FOR THE NEURODEVELOPMENTAL PROGNOSIS OF THE HIGH RISK PRETERM AND TERM NEWBORNS doi:10.1136/archdischild-2012-302724.0173 K Gucuyener. Pediatric Neurology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey 172 173 group.bmj.com on September 7, 2017 Published by http://adc.bmj.com/ Downloaded from